Tradition vs. Modernity: The Role of Khap Panchayats (Caste Councils) in Contemporary Society of North India

Ravita Yadav, International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS)

This study examines the changing dynamics of Khap (Caste) Panchayats in north India, closely examining the intricate interactions among social factors that shape public opinion and sentiments towards these long-standing political entities. The study uses a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative as well as quantitative surveys to collect a variety of perspectives from people of different ages, castes, genders, and educational backgrounds. The findings show that various community have differing opinions about KPs. While younger, lower-caste, and better educated people see KPs as authoritarian and outdated, older, higher-caste members frequently see them as vital stewards of cultural traditions. The study highlights a notable gender gap in attitudes, with men generally considering KPs to be egalitarian while women perceive substantial prejudices. The results indicate that although KP remain indispensable in resolving social and economic disputes, their applicability is being called into question in light of contemporary legal and governance structures. This study emphasises how important it is for KPs to change and respond to criticisms directed at their customs and the exclusion of people of lower castes from positions of decision-making. The research adds to the conversation on rural governance and the possibility of balancing traditional and modern forms of authority by illuminating these processes.

Keywords: Gender Dynamics, Population and Development, Social network methods

See paper.