Trends and Determinants of Fertility Rates in Liberia (1986 – 2019)

Luther Whian, Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS), University of Ghana

Abstract This study delves into the changing trends and different factors that have significantly influenced fertility rates in Liberia from 1986 to 2019. The analysis is based on data from four extensive Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). The study highlights a notable decrease in the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) from 6.7 in 1986 to 4.2 in 2019, aligning with the principles of the Demographic Transition Theory. The research identifies several determinants contributing to this decline, including socio-economic influences, cultural norms, and demographic factors such as the age at which women have their first childbirth and the use of contraceptives. While there has been a clear reduction in early childbirth among women aged 10-17, it is important to note that early age at first birth remains a prevalent issue. The influence of government policies and family planning initiatives on shaping reproductive behavior is evident, although persistent challenges remain. The findings emphasize the continued need for significant investments in education, improved access to contraceptives, and the empowerment of women as crucial strategies in further reducing fertility rates. This study offers valuable insights for policymakers and healthcare professionals, providing a strong basis for addressing population growth and improving reproductive health outcomes in Liberia.

Keywords: Fertility, Family Planning and Contraception, Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights, Population and Development

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