Mothers’ Work, Reconciliation Issues, and Fertility Desires Evidence from an Experimental Program

Chiara Pronzato, University of Turin & CCA
Daniela Del Boca, Collegio Carlo Alberto
Luca Favero, ISER University of Essex

This paper examines the effects of the "Equilibri" program, designed to support mothers of children under 18 in Italy’s Piedmont region. The program aims to help women who have reduced or stopped working due to motherhood. Its objective is to promote better work-life balance by improving employment opportunities for women and enhancing the quality of time spent with their children. Data was collected at two points: upon enrollment and 9-10 months later, with 302 women completing the second survey. The evaluation, conducted via randomized control trial, shows positive impacts on employment, job satisfaction, and work-family balance. Women in the treatment group reported increased participation in professional courses and extracurricular activities for their children, as well as a greater desire for another child. Interestingly, the program led to increased stress levels among participants, particularly among more educated women and those who were unemployed at the start. While participation in extracurricular activities partially explained improvements in employment, the desire to have more children appeared independent of labor market participation or life satisfaction. Overall, "Equilibri" proved effective in improving work outcomes and children's development, though challenges remain in balancing work and family life.

Keywords: Fertility, Human Capital, Education, and Work, Children, Adolescents, and Youth

See extended abstract.