THE TRANSITION of GENDER IMBALANCE and FAMILY DEVELOPMENT in CHINA: FINDINGS BASED on NATIONAL POPULATION CENSUS and PUBLIC DATA

Xiaoxuan Wang, Xi'an Jiaotong University
Shuzhuo Li, Xi'an Jiaotong University
Bo Yang, Shaanxi Normal University

The sex ratio at birth (SRB) in China has been abnormally high for over 40 years, posing significant risks and consequences to both individuals and families, with far-reaching implications for family development. This study aims to investigate the transition of gender imbalance and its impact on family development in China by analyzing the national population census and statistical yearbook since 2000. The findings reveal that China's gender imbalance is entering a transformational stage, characterized by a gradual decline in the SRB and the emergence of consequences associated with gender imbalance. However, this transformation occurs at varying rates across provinces due to differences in population, economic, and social development levels. Furthermore, the overall level of family development in China remains relatively low, which results in structural-functional development imbalances, regional disparities, and inadequate overall development in response to the transformation of gender imbalance. Addressing this issue requires measures to normalize the SRB and reduce gender structure imbalances across different age groups. Governance measures must also be implemented to mitigate the consequences of gender imbalance for families, while considering regional disparities and stages of development. Additionally, balancing the development of family structure and function is vital to promoting long-term population balance and sustainability.

Keywords: Population and Development, Families, Unions and Households, Population Policies

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