Contraceptive Decision-Making among Childfree Couples: Cultural and Structural Influences in India and Canada

Chandni Bhambhani, St Joseph's University, Bengaluru

This study delves into how couples in India and Canada, who have chosen to remain childfree, navigate their contraceptive choices in two societies with contrasting pronatalist perspectives. While effective birth control has empowered many to opt out of parenthood, research on voluntarily childfree couples' contraceptive choices remains scarce. We interviewed thirty-six married heterosexual couples from both nations, and analyzed their responses thematically to uncover patterns and motivations behind their contraceptive decisions. Our findings highlight significant differences between the two countries. Canadian couples employed a diverse range of contraceptive methods, including condoms, oral pills, long-acting reversible contraception, and permanent sterilization, reflecting a variety of approaches throughout their relationships. In contrast, Indian couples predominantly relied on male barrier methods from the beginning, with only a few opting for sterilization despite a long-term commitment to childfree status. These variations underscore the influence of cultural and structural factors on contraceptive choices and responsibility. The study reveals that while maintaining a childfree lifestyle requires diligent birth control, the methods and responsibilities are significantly shaped by social gender norms. Consequently, managing contraception presents a complex and ongoing challenge for childfree couples, akin to the challenges faced by parents but influenced by different dynamics.

Keywords: Family Planning and Contraception, Gender Dynamics, Qualitative data/methods/approaches, Comparative methods

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