Demolition and Displacement: Analyzing Procedures and Impacts on Urban Residents in Nigeria

Babatunde Omotosho, Federal University Oye-Ekiti

Urban renewal in African cities often involves the demolition of structures, significantly impacting vulnerable residents. This study investigates the procedures and socio-economic effects of such demolitions in three Nigerian cities. Using a combination of quantitative (846 questionnaires) and qualitative methods (in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and key informants), the study reveals that most displaced victims were older people, students, and low-income earners. Respondents noted a lack of formal notice, as property owners often withheld information to avoid refunding rent. Additionally, many ignored early warnings, believing the government would not act. Regarding compensation, 64.3% reported receiving none due to insufficient documentation or lack of information. City planners, however, stated that homeowners with valid documents were compensated. The majority of affected residents expressed dissatisfaction, citing the demolitions' negative impacts on their livelihoods. This study underscores the inequities in urban renewal processes and advocates for more transparent, inclusive planning that prioritizes the rights of vulnerable urban populations, ensuring fair compensation and community engagement in decision-making.

Keywords: Internal Migration and Urbanization, Inequality, Disadvantage and Discrimination

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